发黑工艺

&lt style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-comffice:office" /><o:p>发黑工艺</o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><FONT face=宋体>钢制件的表面发黑处理，也有被称之为发蓝的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><FONT face=宋体>发黑处理现在常用的方法有传统的碱性加温发黑和出现较晚的常温发黑两种。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><FONT face=宋体>但常温发黑工艺对于低碳钢的效果不太好。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><FONT face=宋体>A3钢用碱性发黑好一些。<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><FONT face=宋体>碱性发黑细分出来，又有一次发黑和两次发黑的区别。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><FONT face=宋体>发黑液的主要成分是氢氧化钠和亚硝酸钠。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><FONT face=宋体>发黑时所需温度的宽容度较大，大概在<SPAN lang=EN-US>135摄氏度到155摄氏度之间都可以得到不错的表面，只是所需时间有些长短而已。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><FONT face=宋体>实际操作中，需要注意的是工件发黑前除锈和除油的质量，以及发黑后的钝化浸油。发黑质量的好坏往往因这些工序而变化。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><FONT face=宋体>金属“发蓝”药液</FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=宋体> <BR>    采用碱性氧化法或酸性氧化法；使金属表面形成一层氧化膜，以防止金属表面被腐蚀，此处理过程称为“发蓝”。<BR>    黑色金属表面经“发蓝”处理后所形成的氧化膜，其外层主要是四氧化三铁，内层为氧化亚铁。<BR>一、碱性氧化法“发蓝”药液<BR>    1．配方： 硝酸钠50～100克氢氧化钠600～700克亚硝酸钠100～200克水1000克<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><FONT face=宋体>    2．制法：按配方计量后，在搅拌条件下，依次把各料加入其中，溶解，混合均匀即可。<BR>    3．说明：<BR>    （1）金属表面务必洗净和干燥以后，才能进行“发篮”处理。<BR>    （2）金属器件进行“发蓝”处理条件与金属中的含碳量有关，“发蓝”药液温度及金属器件在其中的处理时间可参考下表。金属中含碳量%工作温度（℃）处理时间（分）开始终止>0&#46;7135-13714310-300&#46;5-0&#46;7135-14015030-50<0&#46;4142-145153-15540-60合金钢142-145153-15560-90<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><FONT face=宋体>    （3）每隔一星期左右按期分析溶液中硝酸钠、亚硝酸钠和氢氧化钠的含量，以便及时补充有关成分。一般使用半年后就应更换全部溶液。<BR>    （4）金属“发蓝”处理后，最好用热肥皂水漂洗数分钟，再用冷水冲洗。然后,又用热水冲洗，吹于。<BR>二、酸性氧化法“发蓝”药液<BR>    1．配方： 磷酸3～10克硝酸钙80～100克过氧化锰10～15克水1000克<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">    2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">．制法：按配方计量后，在不断搅拌条件下，依次把磷酸、过氧化锰和硝酸钙加入其中，溶解，混合均匀即可。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><BR>    3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">．说明：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><BR>    </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）金属器件先经洗净和干燥后才能进行“发蓝”处理。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><BR>    </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）此法所得保护膜呈黑色，其主要成分是由磷酸钙和铁的氧化物所组成，其耐腐能力和机械强度均超过碱性氧化法所得的保护膜。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><BR>    4&#46;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">“发蓝”工作温度为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">100</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">℃，处理时间为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">40</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">～</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">45</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分钟。在处理碳素钢时，药液中磷酸含量控制在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">～</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">5</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">克／升；处理合金钢或铸钢时，磷酸含量控制在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">5</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">～</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">10</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">克／升。应注意定期分析药液磷酸的含量。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><BR>    5&#46;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">“发蓝”处理后金属器件的清洗方法同上。</SPAN>

真是长知识呀 [s:21]  [s:21]

辛苦楼主了

[s:21]

谢楼主,又长点知识啊

感谢 正想了解

发黑后多少厚啊

这样的讲解真是好!

请教：发黑与镀黑有什么不一样，现在的液压阀阀体都是黑的，是怎么处理的呢？谢谢．

简单了些，只能说是一般的介绍，楼主再发一些较详细的资料上来。